Butane hash oil (BHO), also known as butane honey oil, is a cannabis concentrate that is produced using butane as a solvent to extract the cannabinoids and terpenes from cannabis plant matter. The result is a cannabis concentrate that contains a high percentage of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and other cannabinoids.
BHO comes in various consistencies from a translucent oil to a crumbly wax. The specific consistency depends on the solvents and temperature used during the extraction and purging process. BHO is very potent, often reaching THC levels of 60-90%. Due to its high potency, BHO provides strong psychoactive effects and is popular among recreational cannabis users.
Producing BHO
To produce BHO, high-quality cannabis plant matter is first ground into small chunks. The ground plant matter is then packed into an extraction tube. Butane gas is passed through the tube, which extracts the cannabinoids and terpenes from the plant matter. The extract is collected in a dish below the tube.
The butane is then purged from the extract using a vacuum oven and heat. The oven is set to a low temperature, around 100 degrees Fahrenheit, and the pressure inside the oven is decreased using a vacuum pump. This allows the butane to boil at room temperature and evaporate from the extract. The purging process can take 12-24 hours to complete and requires monitoring to avoid over-purging the extract.
When purged properly, the result is a translucent to yellow oil with a slight cannabis aroma. The oil can then be further refined into wax or shatter using an additional vacuuming and whipping process. The specific consistency depends on how much additional vacuuming and agitation is applied.
Using BHO
BHO, or butane hash oil, is a cannabis concentrate that can be consumed in several different ways, though it must be done carefully and in moderation due to its high potency and potential for solvent residue. The most common methods for using BHO include vaporization, dabbing, or by ingesting it in edibles like brownies, cookies, or candy.
Vaporization involves heating the BHO to a temperature that turns it into vapor but does not combust it, allowing the user to inhale the vapor. Dabbing refers to placing a small amount of BHO on a hot surface, usually a nail made of titanium, quartz, or ceramic, and then inhaling the vapor as it is released. Ingesting BHO in edibles leads to a slower onset and longer duration of effects due to the time required for digestion and absorption in the liver.
No matter the method of consumption, BHO should only be used in moderation and with caution due to its highly concentrated THC levels and the possibility of harmful solvents remaining in the final product if not properly purged. Consuming too much BHO, especially when first starting to use it, can lead to negative side effects like drowsiness, anxiety, increased heart rate, and impaired motor skills. It is best for new users to start with a very small amount to assess tolerance and only increase dosage slowly and carefully.